Why do landlords lose a high proportion of deposit claims?

We were interested today to read 2 articles in the ‘Letting Agent
Today’ publication, one on the percentage of failed landlord claims as
per the DPS and secondly a piece referring to comments made by Alex
Britchfield, a Deputy Independent Case Examiner for TDS.

The first indicates that of the DPS adjudications within a time period
since 2007, the large proportion (41.5%) found wholly in favour of the
tenant and just 19.1% wholly in favour of the landlord or letting
agent, with 39.4% resulting in a split award.

On these figures, no wonder many people say that landlords are
discriminated against in favour of tenants.

The second piece highlighted that all new tenancies should be subject
to an up-to-date inventory. “An inventory is a landlords’ opportunity
to demonstrate the condition of a property at the start of tenancy.
Out of date inventories, or those lacking sufficient detail, lead to
difficulties in quantifying any change in condition and therefore the
likely success of a future claim” says Alex Britchfield in the
article.

In both articles it became clear that adjudicators need help in making
viable and fair apportionment of tenant’s deposits, and as indicated
in past blogs, the less appropriate or inadequate material an
adjudicator has at hand, the more likely they will rule in favour of a
tenant. In our view, they have little choice.

To qualify this we ourselves recently had a classic example where a
tenant objected to all 129 dilapidations on a checkout report.

The checkout was completed against an inventory with ample evidence of
condition and contents within a newly built and newly furnished 2
bedroom flat.

The inventory was acknowledged as good by the adjudicator with each
item adequately identified with corresponding photographic support.
The problem came about with the checkout.

The adjudicator awarded an approximate 60/40 split of the deposit in
favour of the tenant. The reason in his summary was simple. He said
that because there was a 100% tenant objection to all listed
dilapidations he was obliged to investigate each one. This meant
comparing the checkout item against the inventory item.

He firstly said that in favour of the agent the fact that the
inventory was produced independently of the client was a plus.

He further indicated that as each item was numerically identifiable it
made his task easier, another plus. He said that because the
photographic support in the inventory was clearly representative he
gave another plus. But when it came to the checkout, that’s where it
ended. Why you may think.

The reason he said was that despite the clear written reference to
each change between inventory and checkout, the photos in the checkout
were not labelled adequately and therefore he had little choice but to
award those 40% worth to the tenant.

He meant we believe that we had inadequate labelling of each photo
tying it to its referred dilapidation. That pedantic we thought! But
if that’s what’s required then that’s what we have to do from now on,
we decided.

So back to the earlier points. Unless the evidence is clearly
representative at both start and end of tenancy and a landlord’s claim
is going to adjudication, then our experience demonstrates that the
tenant may receive all or part of the disputed claim.

It’s not about favouritism or bias it seems, its possibly more about
common sense.
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7 responses
This does sound pedantic - it makes me wonder what this adjudicator would have made of a video inventory!
It would not be too difficult to label photos of delapidations in more detail for the check-out report, but to perform this for every delapidation listed in the inventory made at the start of the tenancy might be impractical and unjustified, especially if the check-in is carried out in the company of the inventory clerk, so that the tenant can sign agreement to the inventory promptly, removing the opportunity for a later claim that damage etc was already present.

Thank you Pauline for your comment, we trust that of all people within our industry, you are most qualified to voice a view.

I don't know what should or shouldn't be for an adjudicator to make appropriate decisions. But I am into finding out what's needed, although maybe the answer is always elusive as we're dealing with the most unpredictable of judgement systems - human opinion.

That said, I trust there's a common model adjudicators are required to work within. I'm happy for enlightenment.

We're fortunate in that we conduct over a thousand reports monthly and we see what works and what doesn't work, although to be fair, it's only on viewing a rejected claim, that we'd have better evidence.

It's early days and time will tell whether we're on track or not.

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It sounds like the problem was with the presentation, not the content, of the inventory, which is a good thing. It is relatively easy to adjust the format of your product to show the required information, but more complicated to make changes to the type and quantity of information your agents collect.
It sounds like the problem was with the presentation, not the content, of the inventory, which is a good thing. It is relatively easy to adjust the format of your product to show the required information, but more complicated to make changes to the type and quantity of information your agents collect.
Thank you Tom for your comments and being that you are a former adjudicator your view on this matter is of importance.

I think I understand your meaning and have returned to the letter written by the adjudicator to study some of his comments.

There are a few regarding a lack of 'substantive evidence' for the amount of money being claimed for cleaning costs, and reading between the lines there was little of or inadequate submission of cleaning costs by the agent, this rejected claim would make sense therefore.

However there are a couple of points which gave rise to my original comments which were one, the adjudicator despite seeing carpet stains and marks on photos was unable to identify which rooms the carpets belonged to, I took that to mean because we had not adequately identified which rooms the photos belonged to he could not agree with the claim.

Point two was a contentious one for us in that a clearly labelled and photographed alarm horn in the hall was seen at checkout as broken loose from the wall, this was indicated by its numeric reference number with a comment 'refer to photogragh' with a corresponding photo at the end of the document, but the adjudicator writes 'I have not been provided with an substantive evidence to demonstrate that the damage is attributable to the tenant'. I wondered who therefore this would be attributed to.

Again a claim for replacement of a bed was dismissed with the comment 'I have not been provided with any substantive evidence to demonstrate that the bed was damaged during the tenancy...', although a clear indication was shown of the difference between before and after both in written and photographic evidence.

In conclusion it was clear that part of the claim was rejected because of inadequate replacement value but some also not clear where the adjudicator appears to have missed the supplied evidence.

At the end of the day it makes sense that supplying an adjudicator with 'water-tight' evidence is the key and we continue to improve on the service we supply, especially in the detail.
It is really valuable to have the input of an adjudicator, because while clerks strive to provide a watertight inventory to clients, I feel there is an ongoing lack of feedback from those who use the document to make judgments; feedback on ideal standards of presentation and content - except in the event such as here that the inventory is discovered to have a shortcoming during the adjudication process.
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